1738 in science
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The year 1738 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
[edit]- Pierre Louis Maupertuis publishes Sur la figure de la terre, which confirms Newton's view that the Earth is an oblate spheroid slightly flattened at the poles.
Botany
[edit]- Publication of Hortus Cliffortianus, a detailed description by Linnaeus of George Clifford's gardens at Hartekamp, Netherlands, including the raising of exotic plants such as bananas in a greenhouse.
- Publication of Rariorum Africanarum plantarum, a flora of Cape Colony by Johannes Burman, begins publication in Amsterdam.
Mathematics
[edit]- Abraham de Moivre publishes the second English edition of his The Doctrine of Chances containing a study of the coefficients in the binomial expansion of (a + b)n.
Medicine
[edit]- February – Great Plague of 1738, an outbreak of bubonic plague, begins to spread from Banat across central Europe.[1]
- Establishment of The Mineral Water Hospital in Bath, England.
Metallurgy
[edit]- July 1 – William Champion of Bristol patents a process to distill zinc from calamine using charcoal in a smelter.[2]
Technology
[edit]- June 24 – Lewis Paul and John Wyatt obtain an English patent for roller cotton-spinning machinery, leading to the establishment of mechanised Paul-Wyatt cotton mills.[3]
- Jacques de Vaucanson presents the world's first automaton, The Flute Player (1737) to the French Academy of Sciences.
- Black Forest clockmaker Franz Ketterer produces one of the earliest cuckoo clocks.
Awards
[edit]Births
[edit]- November 15 – William Herschel, German-born astronomer (died 1822)
Deaths
[edit]- June 21 – Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend, English agriculturalist (born 1674)
- September 23 – Herman Boerhaave, Dutch physician (born 1668)
References
[edit]- ^ "XVIII Century". Banat's Historical Chronology for the last Millennium. Genealogy RO Group. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
- ^ Woodcroft, Bennet (1854). Titles of Patents of Invention, Chronologically Arranged. London: Queen's Printing Office. pp. 104–105.
- ^ Baker, John Leon (2004). "Wyatt, John (1700–1766)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30106. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020.