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Kyo Kusanagi
The King of Fighters character
Kyo Kusanagi in his original design by Eisuke Ogura
First gameThe King of Fighters '94 (1994)
Created byYuichiro Hiraki
Designed byShinichi Morioka[1]
Portrayed bySean Faris (2010 film)
Yuichi Nakamura (KOF All Star promo trailer)
Voiced by
In-universe information
OccupationMartial Artist
Guitarist
High School Student (dropout as of KOF '99)
Fighting styleKusanagi Style of Ancient Martial Arts (combines it with kenpō starting in KOF '96)
FamilySaisyu Kusanagi (father)
Shizuka Kusanagi (mother)
Aoi Kusanagi (cousin)
Souji Kusanagi (cousin)
OriginTokyo, Japan
NationalityJapanese

Kyo Kusanagi (Japanese: 草薙 京, Hepburn: Kusanagi Kyō) is a character in SNK's The King of Fighters series of fighting games. The character was first introduced in the 1994 video game The King of Fighters '94 as the leader of the Japan team from the series' title tournament. Kyo, heir to the Kusanagi clan, is first introduced as a cocky, delinquent high school student who has pyrokinetic powers. His clan is one of three who banished the legendary snake demon entity Yamata no Orochi. During the series' story, Kyo meets rivals and enemies who seek to take his flame abilities. Aside from the main series, Kyo appears in several crossovers and spinoffs with other games. He is also the central title character of the manga The King of Fighters: Kyo and video game adaptation with the same name, which center around his daily life.

Kyo was created by Shinichi Morioka as a hero who would fight the main characters from other SNK franchises, such as Fatal Fury and Art of Fighting. His debut in The King of Fighters received a large positive response by fans, making Kyo return in The King of Fighters '99, where he was originally not available in early versions. His outfit and gameplay techniques were redesigned throughout the series; since his original appearance, featuring a high school uniform, became popular with fans, designers created clones of his original costume in later games. The same occurred with his moves, which have been rebalanced across the series.

Video game journalists have praised Kyo's design and fighting style as among the best of the series and in fighting games in general. His role in the story and his long rivalry with Iori Yagami were also celebrated. The character's redesign in The King of Fighters XIV earned mixed responses because of the differences from previous incarnations. Kyo's role in printed media and other adaptations of the series has often been criticized, most notably in the live-action film. A variety of Kyo collectibles, including key chains and figurines, have been created.

Conception and creation

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The myths of Susanoo slaying the Yamata no Orochi influenced Kyo's story arc.

Origin and influences

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In the making of The King of Fighters '94, director Masanori Kuwasashi expressed pressure about creating a young lead who would clash with veteran fighters but still thought it would be beneficial for sales.[7] Kyo Kusanagi was created by SNK employee Yuichiro Hiraki (平木雄一郎) and designed by artist Shinichi Morioka (森岡 慎一).[8][1] When designing characters for the first King of Fighters game, developers wanted a new, "snazzy" hero who would fight against characters from two other SNK series, Fatal Fury and Art of Fighting. Through most of his development, Kyo was named Syo Kirishima (霧島 翔, Kirishima Shō) and was dressed in martial arts clothing common in fighting games of the time. His design was inspired by the main character of Katsuhiro Otomo's manga and film Akira, Shotaro Kaneda.[9] Late in production, his name was changed to Kyo Kusanagi, as a means of relating the character to the Yamata no Orochi legend, which was the basis of the story arc of the game. The name Syo would later be used for Kyo's Another Striker in The King of Fighters 2000.[10] Another planned name before Syo was Ryo Fang (霧島翔, Fang Ryo), but no design was elaborated from it.[11] However, in the end, SNK chose the name Kyo as they felt it more fitting.[12]

While in charge of designing the character, Hiraki sought to contrast Kyo with Street Fighter character Ryu, as he believed the latter was a popular character in international markets and that Kyo's characterization and design could benefit from appealing to as broad a demographic as possible.[8] Despite Kyo originally being depicted as a lazy young adult, he shows a notable character arc across the games: he develops a new fighting style on his own, which contrasts with his original concept of being born with talent.[13] In contrast to Terry and Ryo, Kyo was given a natural life in his debut. However, the death of his father Saisyu at the hands of Rugal Bernstein was executed to make him more tragic and serious when it came to his training, leaving Japan in his ending to become stronger in future battles.[14] The inclusion of the rival Iori Yagami and Saisyu in The King of Fighters '95 was meant to give Kyo a more coherent story as the first game was written as a more all-star game.[15] While Kyo's girlfriend Yuki was also created by Morioka out of jealousy,[16] the director of the first games was against using her in a romantic scene, believing it would not fit the narrative.[15]

When making The King of Fighters '94, developers thought Kyo would appeal to audiences by contrasting starkly with characters from Fatal Fury, whose characters were much older and had more muscular bodies than Kyo's.[17] By the next game, SNK introduced Iori Yagami as Kyo's rival; in contrast to Kyo, SNK decided to keep Iori's life as private as possible in order to differentiate the two characters.[18] The rivalry between these two men was noted to stand out across the franchise, with game designer and artist Eisuke Ogura claiming despite having the two characters having differences, they still have respect for each other, making their team-ups with Chizuru Kagura to defeat a common enemy feel natural.[19] Though the two of them meet in KOF, writer Akihiko Ureshino decided to take freedom in his novelizations to foreshadow more of their meetings in novels.[20] For the Game Boy Advance game The King of Fighters EX, Ureshino considered creating Kyo's half sister to expand the protagonist's lore, but the idea was scrapped.[21]

The game's developers decided Kyo's main abilities would be fire-based, alongside the movesets of the other characters in the original Japan Team, who were all inspired by the manga and anime Getter Robo, created by Go Nagai and Ken Ishikawa. The three members of the Japan Team, Benimaru Nikaido, Goro Daimon, and Kyo, had personalities similar to those of the main characters from Getter Robo. Kyo was based on the main character, Ryoma Nagare, who had a fiery persona. The elements and the personalities were also a homage to a Japanese phrase about giving birth to fire: "lightning strikes the earth which sparks the flame".[22] According to Morioka,[1] Joe Yabuki from Ikki Kajiwara's Ashita no Joe and Akira Fudo from Nagai's Devilman manga series were influences too.[23] Artist Nona said he found it difficult to design Kyo as a heroic character due to his dark traits, noting the character was also inspired by the darker Akira Fudo.[24] Kyo's pixel art was created by Hiraki, who, despite leaving SNK to work on another project a few years later, was asked by Capcom's Kaname Fujioka to once again work on Kyo's design for the crossover game Capcom vs. SNK: Millennium Fight 2000.[25]

Kyo's repeated appearances in every game in the series, at the insistence of SNK executives for marketing purposes, made story planning for each title challenging.[22] Kyo and Iori were supposed to disappear due to business reasons after The King of Fighters '98, but in the end, they have continued to appear ever since due to fans' demands. In the Nests arc, Kyo is then involved in the story to some extent, but not Iori, in terms of the connections with the new protagonist K'.[26] The developers of the series for The King of Fighters 2001, Eolith, noted that Kyo and Iori were also popular in their country, which led to their immediate inclusion in their game when compared with the two previous installments where they had no official teams and were hidden.[27] In the "Ash Saga", Kyo, Iori, and Chizuru's Three Sacred Treasures play a major role in the story. The Miera brothers were the main focus of the Maximum Impact spin-offs, relegating Kyo and Iori for the first time to minor characters. Both the Ash arc and Maximum Impact games were developed at the same time, which resulted in Kyo and Iori still playing a major role in the Another Day original video animation that promotes Maximum Impact 2.[26][28]

Portrayal

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Voice actor Masashiro was influenced by the late singer Yutaka Ozaki (pictured) to portray Kyo in his early appearances.

Kyo Kusanagi is introduced as a 19-year-old teenager who passes a year in high school in the next game. Unlike Art of Fighting and Fatal Fury, time in The King of Fighters never passes, resulting in Kyo always repeating a grade due to insufficient attendance in the Orochi arc. This is often referenced in game dialogue for comic relief, most notably in Maximum Impact.[29][26] In his introduction, Kyo debuted as a slightly hot-blooded and somewhat egocentric character, but then the outline of the character gradually develops, but with the introduction of new protagonists that make him act more calm in comparison. By The King of Fighters XV, Ureshino refers to Kyo and Shun'ei as the most mature protagonists in KOF history, which makes their interactions feel natural, especially because the former is looking after his successors.[30]

Ureshino noted the rivalry between Kyo and Iori stood out early in the 1990s because it was weird to see characters interacting before a fight started. The King of Fighters '99 added a subtext of happiness of the two rivals meeting again, believing they had died when fighting Orochi. Their exchanges in The King of Fighters XI, where they remained in a far more experienced relationship, are as if the two now teammates seek fighting to kill their boredom.[31] However, Ureshino does not see the idea of Iori developing his social skills as it would ruin the appeal he has with Kyo as well as the charm he has on his own.[30] While Kyo and Benimaru's relationship was initially that of rivals, it eventually became like that of siblings, with Benimaru acting as the older one as he was heavily overshadowed by Iori. The romance between Kyo and Yuki remains stable across the franchise, leading Ureshino to call them a married couple in The King of Fighters XV.[32]

Kyo's Japanese voice actor Masahiro Nonaka related to his character as being young and reckless until he "grew up" in his later appearances. He then expressed some difficulty accepting Kyo on the same level.[33] He was first called to work in The King of Fighters '94 after meeting sound designer Yasumasa Yamada. When first reading of the game, Nonaka had poor impressions of his work, as he believed it would be as appealing as other SNK IPs. Nonaka was inspired by rock singer Yutaka Ozaki, as he was impressed by his rebellious personality, who appealed to Japanese people by writing inspiring lyrics for his songs. Seeing the similarities between Ozaki and Kyo's personalities, Nonaka wanted the latter to be like Ozaki. Despite the actor's early negative impressions, Nonaka's performance was notoriously well received, as he recalls having several fanletters involving several lines he made the character say, to the point Kyo became a more popular character than those from Art of Fighting and Fatal Fury.[34]

Tomoaki Maeno replaced Nonaka for The King of Fighters XIV and said he was putting in all his efforts and expected the fandom to enjoy his work as the new voice of Kyo.[3] Maeno noted the impact of Kyo was challenging as he was the main character from a famous series of fighting games. He often played the demo of The King of Fighters XIV as Kyo in order to fully appreciate the character.[35] For The King of Fighters for Girls, Maeno was careful with his performance as he understood how beloved his character is. He was careful in his songs and took a liking to the catchphrase "Moetaro?" (Got burned?).[36] Yuichi Nakamura portrayed Kyo in a commercial promoting the cellphone game The King of Fighters All Stars.[37][38]

Designs

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Ever since the NESTS arc, the developers behind KOF started providing different outfits with the NESTS design (pictured) often returning.

Several of the series' designers said Kyo is one of the most difficult characters to illustrate because of his popularity.[39] Artist Falcoon states that Kyo has a strong attitude, making him one of the hardest characters to illustrate,[40] while also noting that his rivalry with Iori Yagami is strong enough to make the duo likable.[41] As the "face" of The King of Fighters, Kyo's sprites were made by Toyohisa Tanabe who aimed to be careful appeal.[42] In contrast to the other fighting game characters featured The King of Fighters, Kyo was given a more realistic and stylish look as Tanabe found the others as too cartoony.[34] Artist Hiroaki Hashimoto expressing a desire for his work to live up to Shinkiro's, which he said left a great impression on him.[43]

In his first appearances, Kyo wears a modified version of his school uniform with a Sun mark that represents his heritage of the Kusanagi.[14] For the NESTS story arc starting in KOF '99 Kyo wears a new outfit said to be made by the character himself in an attempt to be more casual though Neo Freak writers claim he steals it from the same cartel that kidnapped him.[44][45] The staff claimed fans enjoyed the design for how fashionable it was and how distinctive Kyo was still without his school uniform.[46] In contrast to the fashionable designs, in Shinsetsu Samurai Spirits Bushidō Retsuden Kyo wears his father's green themed traditional martial artist outfit with prayer beads around his neck while keeping his original bandana with the Kusanagi crest. Falcoon redesigned Kyo's clothes for the spin-off game KOF: Maximum Impact 2; his jacket was redesigned while keeping the appeal of the original costume. His "Normal Color F" attire is similar to his father's martial arts clothing. The outfit called "Color G" is reminiscent of the costume design of Yuki, the popular protagonist of NeoGeo Battle Coliseum.[47] Ureshino in particular liked the two designs Falcoon gave Kyo even if he believes players would find the last two of Maximum Impact 2 funny.[26]

The King of Fighters 2003 sees Kyo sporting a new outfit with focus on belts and classical gloves. The Kusanagi Sun sign still remains in Kyo's leather jacket.[48] In The King of Fighters XII and The King of Fighters XIII Iori and Kyo were meant to wear new outfit that emphasized their sexual appeal but due to time constraints, they were removed. As a result, they sport similar outfits to the ones seen in Ash arc with few changes other such as Kyo wearing blue jeannes.[49] While Kyo often wears different outfits for each game's story mode, he was given a more masculine appearance for The King of Fighters XIII while staying true to his 2003 outfit. Artist Ogura expressed pressure when designing this incarnation of the character, saying it had to live up to an enduring reputation.[50] Ureshino thus believes 2003 outfit was the most touched design by SNK.[51] A design similar to his classic one labeled as "Another Style" was featured in KOF Chronicles set before KOF '94 but without the bandana for mobile games. However, the character was noteworthy for showing a new unique technique.[52]

With designers believing he had become a more traditional fighter, they gave him a simpler, more modern appearance for The King of Fighters XIV.[53] Character designer Nobuyuki Kuroki said staff wanted to captivate new fans with Kyo's larger design regardless of negative backlash.[54] Producer Yasuyuki Oda noted that while researching new characters for KOF XIV, Kyo's moves avoided stereotypes like Japanese sumo wrestlers to produce more variety within the cast, which included characters of multiple nationalities. Oda added that they "Kyo-ify" the new members to produce originality in the game.[55] His appearance in KOF XV was altered to look like his previous looks while altering other parts of his design like his jacket and gloves.[56]

Fighting style

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In his debut, Kyo fights with the Kusanagi Style of Ancient Martial Arts (草薙流古武术, Kusanagi-ryū Kobujutsu), attacking opponents using flames and several hits from his limbs. This was developed by Mitsuo Kodama, an animator in charge of the first game in the series.[9] Kyo was created originally as an all-rounder with a projectile, "108 Shiki Yami Barai" (百八式闇払) and an anti-air move, and easy to use, being SNK's answer to Ryu's Hadoken among other famous projectile techniques seen in fighting games.[57] It was originally called "Fireball Thrower" while the flaming uppercut 100 Shiki Oniyaki (百式お・にやき, lit. "Method 100: Ogre Baker") was simply called "Spinning Punch". The air kicks special move 101 Shiki Oboro Guruma (百壱式・朧車, lit. "Method 101: Hazy Wheel") was originally called "Spinning Kick".[58] Kyo's signature Desperation Move is the Ura 108 Shiki: Orochinagi (裏百八式・大蛇薙, lit. "Back Crescent Eighth Formula - Serpent Wave"), a massive slash of fire he creates with one hand. The staff worked to incorporate this move into the game carefully, trying to make it as realistic as possible while using enhanced special effects.[59] Based on Japanese myths, the Orochinagi was conceptualized as the move Kyo would use to defeat the demon known as Yamato no Orochi.[58] This was given a mid-air variation for The King of Fighters XIII; designers kept in mind the concept of coolness and the small difficulty in performing it.[60]

Starting The King of Fighters '96, Kyo has mixed martial artists involving the Kusanagai style and a personal style of kenpō.[61] This was changed as part of the series' overhaul. This was done to make Kyo's character more unique, resulting in the removal of the "108 Shiki Yami Barai" in favor of hand-to-hand combat even if players would find him weaker.[62] He was also given a new move known as the 212 Shiki Koto Tsuki You (弐百拾弐式・琴月 陽, lit. "Method 212: Zither Moon Yang") where he grabs an enemy with his hands and releases flames to knock them out. Yasuyuki Oda said is one of his favorites because it reminded him of mecha series from the 1990s.[63] SNK specifically gave Kyo this move to note the protagonist's constant training to reveal that Kyo likes training despite his claims of hating effot. Oda also noted that Kyo was one of his favorite characters in the series as found his moves easy to learn.[64] Kyo's gameplay was modified again for The King of Fighters '99 onwards, with most of his original moves being left for his clones.[65]

Although Kyo retains his third outfit in The King of Fighters XII, his moves were modified to those from the first two games of the series to make the character fight in close quarters rather than using projectiles, improving the balance of the roster, and making fights more entertaining.[66] Kyo's Neo Max from XIII technique, the "Ura 121 Shiki: Ama-no-Murakumo" (裏百弐拾壱式・天叢雲), in which he covers the enemies with walls of fire, was the first move of this category to be made for KOF XII. As a result, the other characters' Neo Max techniques were reformatted so as to be comparable with Kyo's move.[60] The DLC "NESTS Kyo" focuses on his hand-to-hand combat, the regular one.[67] SNK worked to balance this version of the character to the original, ensuring neither version would be superior to the other. Besides retaining the Orochinagi, NESTS Kyo has the "Saihsuu Kessen Ougi: Mushiki" (最終決戦奥義・無式, lit. "Final Showdown Ultimate Technique: No style), a move where he consecutively punches the enemy while adding increasing flame damage to each strike. His Neo Max is a new technique named "Saishuu Kessen Hiougi Totsuka" (最終決戦秘 奥義, lit. "Final Battle Secret Mystery, Token") which covers the entire screen in flames.[68]

For The King of Fighters XIV, Oda wanted to keep his gameplay intact in order to avoid fan backlash, using this time his kenpo style from The King of Fighters '96 primarily.[69] One of the most striking changes in The King of Fighters XV is the change in the motion of the "long-distance strong punch." Instead of extending the arm out to the side as before, it is now a body blow with a slightly shorter reach. This body blow can be canceled, so for grounded strong punches, it is possible to connect them to special moves regardless of whether they are close or far away. Kyo's Climax special move "Ura Sen Nihyundai Nihyundai Yakumo" (裏千弐百拾弐式・八雲, lit. "Reverse Method 1212: Eight Clouds")" is a projectile whose post-hit animation depicts a sunburst, symbolizing the Kusanagi Crest and was specially designed to create a major visual appeal.[70]

Appearances

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In video games

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In The King of Fighters main series

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Kyo is one of the last members of the Kusanagi clan who can create fire; 660 years before the games' events, the Kusanagi and Yasakani clans were allies but the latter's jealousy over the former's fame led the Yasakani to make a pact with the snake demon Orochi. Since then, the clans have had a generation-long grudge with casualties on both sides. Kyo's rivalry with Iori Yagami is one of mutual hatred rather than history.[71][72] In the first The King of Fighters video game, Kyo stars in the famous fighting tournament as the leader of the Japan Team with Benimaru Nikaido and Goro Daimon.[61] They become champions and defeat the host Rugal Bernstein who has killed Kyo's father, Saisyu. Kyo goes on a training quest in the aftermath.[73] In the next title, the Japan Team again faces Rugal who has revived and brainwashed Saisyu in revenge.[74] Following their fight, Saisyu is saved from Rugal's control and Kyo's defeat their nemesis again who is consumed by his new energy.[75]

Prior to the events of The King of Fighters '96, a man named Goenitz – a follower of Orochi – easily defeats Kyo, causing him to seek revenge, developing his own Kusanagi fighting style om the process.[76] The tournament's host, Chizuru Kagura, wants Kyo and Iori Yagami on her team to help defeat Orochi and stop Goenitz.[77] In The King of Fighters '97, Kyo faces Orochi's remaining followers, the New Faces Team, who aim to revive Orochi by sacrificing Kyo's girlfriend, Yuki. Following their failure, Orochi possess one of them, Chris, but Kyo and Iori manage to defeat him, leaving him to be sealed by Chizuru.[78][79] In KOF '98, Kyo appears as a playable character on the Japan Team with Benimaru and Daimon. An alternative version of his character, with movesets used in previous games, is also playable.[80]

Kyo is a secret character in most versions of The King of Fighters '99, and has no team. Kyo is kidnapped by the NESTS syndicate, who use his DNA to make clones of him.[81] Kyo enters his captors' base and tries to obtain answers from them, but is forced to retreat when the base begins to collapse. If the player has accrued enough points, Kyo can be faced in a bonus fight.[82] He continues his fight against the NESTS alone in The King of Fighters 2000[83] but in the next game, he reunites with his old teammates, and his student Shingo Yabuki, to make a comeback on the Japan Team.[84] In KOF 2002, Kyo is a playable character on the original Japan Team.[85]

In The King of Fighters 2003, Chizuru appears to Kyo and Iori, asking them to form a team to investigate suspicious activities concerning the Orochi seal.[86] During the investigation, the team is ambushed by the fighter Ash Crimson, who plans to get their clans' powers and steal them from Chizuru.[87] In The King of Fighters XI, Kyo and Iori again form a team with Shingo, filling Chizuru's spot to stop Ash.[88] The growing presence of Orochi, however, causes Iori to go berserk and harm his teammates. Ash then appears, defeats Iori, and steals his abilities.[89][90] The PlayStation 2 port added an alternative version of Kyo that has his NESTS saga moves.[91] In King of Fighters XII, Kyo is a playable character but he does not have a team.[92] Kyo reunites with the original members of the Esaka Team in The King of Fighters XIII.[93] Following Ash's disappearance causing Iori to recover his powers, Kyo fights his rival again.[94] Additionally, an alternative version of himself, with different moves called "NESTS Style Kyo", is available as downloadable content.[95]

Kyo returns in The King of Fighters XIV with his old comrades,[96] where his classic school costume appears as downloadable content through pre-order bonus released in the online store.[97] Kyo enters the tournament at the request of his father to meet Tung Fu Rue's students.[98] After an unknown being stops the competition, Kyo reunites with Iori and Chizuru to reseal a weak revived Orochi.[99] He returns in King of Fighters XV once again with Chizuru and Iori to protect the Orochi seal while asking Benimaru to protect Tung Fu Rue's students in his place.[100] In the aftermath, the two rivals engage in a one-on-one fight whose outcome remains unknown as scene instead jumps to Kyo reuniting with Yuki.

The King of Fighters spin-offs

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Kyo appears in a role-playing video game titled The King of Fighters: Kyo, in which he travels around the world to prepare for The King of Fighters tournament until the events of KOF '97. This game reveals events of Kyo's personal life like how he replaces his cousin Souji as the Kusanagi representant after he was cursed by Orochi's blue flames in a fight with Iori.[101][102] Kyo receives a letter for the KOF '97 tournament and has a month to travel across the world to form his team. Chizuru Kagura tests Kyo's will to fight by creating a scenario in which Kyo's girlfriend Yuki is kidnapped.[103][104] Kyo appears in the spin-off video games The King of Fighters: Battle de Paradise as a member of a band.[105] The King of Fighters R-1 again reprises the events of KOF '97; in this game Kyo also teams up with Shingo and Kim Kaphwan in an alternate scenario.[106][107] In the sequel, The King of Fighters R-2, Kyo teams up with his father and Shingo.[108] SNK also released a pachinko based on the series' Orochi storyline and focusing on Kyo's actions during the plot.[109]

He is present in the spin-offs Neowave[110] and the Maximum Impact series. In Maximum Impact 2, Kyo is playable as his classic version from the first games as well as with a new outfit.[111][112] During The King of Fighters EX: Neo Blood, Moe Habana, the heir of one of the ten sacred treasures, finds Kyo seriously wounded after his fight against Orochi. After healing him, Moe joins Kyo and Benimaru to participate in a tournament developed by the criminal Geese Howard, who is searching for the power of Orochi. In the sequel game The King of Fighters EX2: Howling Blood, Reiji Okami, another member of the ten sacred treasures, asks Kyo to investigate interference with the Orochi seal.[113] He is present in the Chinese mobile phone games named KOF: WORLD,[114] and KOF X Arena Masters.[115] In the role-playing game The King of Fighters All Star Kyo is present.[116][117] For the otome game King of Fighters for Girls, Maeno performed a duet song with Benimaru's actor titled "Let's Fight".[118]

In other games

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Kyo has also appeared in video games outside The King of Fighters series. He is a playable character in the shooter games Sky Stage, Neo Geo Heroes: Ultimate Shooting, NeoGeo Tennis Coliseum, and the rhythm-action mobile game The Rhythm Of Fighters.[119][120][121][122] He is featured in the 2018 augmented reality game The King of Fighters Orochi Go and the Korean fighting game The King of Cyphers.[123][124] In the crossover video games Neo Geo Battle Coliseum and SNK vs. Capcom series, Kyo appears as a playable character; in the former game he appears with his NESTS costume while in the latter he is wearing his school uniform.[125][126] He is also a character card in SNK vs. Capcom: Card Fighter DS.[127] Kyo additionally appears both as one of the background characters and as a spirit in the Nintendo crossover fighting game Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.[128] A past persona of Kyo also appears in Shinsetsu Samurai Spirits Bushidō Retsuden in charge of protecting the Orochi seal with the assistance of the protagonist Hisame Shizumaru and Iori's predecessor.[129]

He is featured in the card-battle video games Lord of Vermillion Re:2's Tie-Ups and Core Masters,[130][131] and fighting game Lost Saga.[132] Despite not being playable in SNK Gals' Fighters and SNK Heroines: Tag Team Frenzy, he appears in the ending as a cross-dressed Iori and Shermie, respectively.[133][134] He is present in the RPGs Kimi wa Hero in his regular outfit and in a vampire outfit in Brave Frontier,[135][136][137] and in his school uniform in the Chinese mobile phone game Wangzhe Rongyao.[138] He is available in the mobile games The King Fighters X Fatal Fury, Puzzle and Dragons, Boku & Dragon and Crusaders Quest.[139][140][141][142] He is present in the dating sim part of the Days of Memories series,[143] Metal Slug Defense,[144] the beat-em up Fighting Days,[145] A shooting game named Beast Busters has Kyo as a guest character,[146] as does Lucent Heart.[147] The character's NESTS arc look is also used in action role-playing Phantasy Star Online 2.[148] He also appears in Another Eden as a guest character.[149]

In other media

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Aside from the main series, Kyo has appeared in other media from The King of Fighters series. In the anime The King of Fighters: Another Day, he is featured prominently in the fourth chapter as Ash Crimson stages a fight against Alba Miera, both of whom are stopped by Iori.[150] A number of image songs and audio dramas featuring Kyo, including the contents of his own character-image album consisting of a number of his theme songs, have been released.[151]

Kyo also appears in the manhua adaptation of The King of Fighters: Zillion, created by Andy Seto, which tells Kyo and Iori's story between their fight against Orochi until the one against NESTS with the Hakkeshu reviving to have a man named Jean become the Orochi vessel only to defeated by duo. He stars in further manwhua for the games, starting with The King of Fighters 2001, ending with The King of Fighters 2003, and including the Maximum Impact series.[152][153] Seto also wrote a prequel that shows how Kyo turned into a fighter, met his girlfriend Yuki, and befriended Benimaru and Daemon.[154] The spin-off manga story entitled The King of Fighters: Kyo was created by Masato Natsumoto and deals with Kyo's daily life.[155] Ryo Takamisaki's manga The King of Fighters G shows an alternate retelling of KOF '96 where Kyo teams up with Athena Asamiya during the tournament.[156] In the KOF XII manwua, Kyo briefly confronts Ash after recovering from Iori's berserker attack from XI and undergoing new training.[157] Novelizations of the games also retell Kyo's in-game actions, although the KOF 2000 novelization has him returning to Yuki in a comic fashion in contrast to the original games in which he remains distant, apart from the NESTS syndicate.[158][159] In the manga The King of Fighters: A New Beginning, Kyo once again battles his rival in his corrupted Orochi during his first round from the competition. The match ends as a tie but Kyo is counted as the loser as Benimaru cheats to interrupt Orochi's revival within Iori.[160][161] The mercenaries from the Ikari Team later lead Kyo to fight an army of robots based on NESTS's Kyo clones. Enraged by the cartel, Kyo kills the recently reborn NESTS leader, Igniz, and destroys their base.[162] Afterwards, Kyo reunites with his allies and the Yagami Team to face the wraith brought by a creature referred to as a Verse.

In The King of Fighters movie, Kyo is played by Sean Faris and is portrayed as a biracial Japanese-American. During the story, Kyo joins forces with Iori and Mai Shiranui to defeat Rugal. Eventually Kyo summons the ancient Kusanagi no Tsurugi weapon which he wields to kill Rugal.[163]

In the CGI web series The King of Fighters: Destiny, Kyo goes to his first team tournament with Benimaru and Daimon. While he is first interested in fighting Terry Bogard, he becomes concerned when he senses the power of the Orochi within the fighters and seeks to stop the mastermind behind this.[164][165] The web series has an extra episode that shows Kyo befriending Benimaru during a fight against multiple yakuza.[166] After saving the tournament's fighters from Orochi's power, which causes them to go berserk, Kyo, Terry and Heidern meet Rugal, the person using them, and fight him.[167] Despite being overpowered, Kyo has a vision of a man identical to him who teaches him a technique to save Rugal who destroys the place. Kyo and his friends manage to escape.[168]

Reception

[edit]
Cosplayers of Iori and Kyo interpreting clashes their characters are known for.

In 2020, SNK held the he pop-up shop event "Kyo Kusanagi Exhibition", hosted by Indoor Co., Ltd. in Akihabara which presented to the audience with merchandising featuring the image of the character.[169] Kyo Kusanagi received major praise ever since his introduction. In the book 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die, Kyo is regarded as the most iconic character from The King of Fighters.[170] Although the first King of Fighters game promoted the possibility of fights between Fatal Fury and Art of Fighting characters, IGN and Hobby Consolas regarded Kyo as the most popular character from the game, calling him the "best star" in the franchise.[171][172] In the book Video Game Audio: A History, 1972-2020, the theme song "Esaka" often used in the franchise was noted to reflect the character's personality with revisions such as his cocky and upbeat side while The King of Fighters '99 gives him another unique theme, "Tears", meant to represent his depressed state in the NESTS arc due to having been kidnapped and cloned by the title antagonists.[173] Joan Arnedo Moreno and Jordi Duch Gavaldà from Universitat Oberta de Catalunya said Kyo was one of the biggest figures in gaming next to Terry, Ryu and Goku which inspired a fictional Cadillac for a video game titled CarOut!.[174] Den of Geek said that while Kyo was introduced as a weak main character, as a result of the pressure of the series also using Terry Bogard and Ryo Sakazaki—heroes from other SNK's series—by the climax of the Orochi arc he becomes more appealing due to his role in this part and his new movesets.[175] When it comes to the narrative, the formation of the new Sacred Treasure Team was noted to be a proper conclusion to the Orochi story arc and the character.[176][177] In Futabanet, Kyo's character was given as one of the reasons The King of Fighters became listed as the fifth best fighting game franchises in Japan, standing out far more than popular recurring fighters Fatal Fury, Art of Fighting, Ikari Warriors, among others.[178] Mutiara Zaroh from Faculty Of Cultures and Languages said that Kyo has several pre-battle lines in the mobile phone game The King of Fighters: All Star which does not clash with the player's immersion into the visual novel-like format the game portrays regardless of how many times Kyo interacts with him.[179] Although Kyo's story arc ends with The King of Fighters '97, he has remained as a more popular hero than his successors like Ash Crimson in Western regions which led to Ignition Entertainment promote KOF XII using him.[180][181] Similarly, Anime UK News preferred him more than the next lead, Shun'ei.[182] In retrospect, while Kotaku recalls Kyo as the most heroic character in the series considering his role in the Orochi arc where he faces enemies with both the Hero Team and Sacred Treasures, him being replaced by other new protagonists was found as coherent according to Kotaku and Polygon as noted by how future story arcs tend to use other leads in the games' covers.[183][184]

In Big Movements or Small Motions: Controlling Digital Avatars with Single-Camera Motion Capture, Kyo's performance in The King of Fighters XIII was picked as digital avatar to control for people due to his iconic popularity as players controlling him were given immersion in the fighting game. Successfully, recreating Kyo's special moves or the Desperation Move Orochi Nagi was noted to leave a sense of satisfaction in the players. However, there are still several complex tactics the character is given that might result in stress to the player despite retaining a notable challenge factor.[185] Critics liked his special moves enough to be one of the most dominant,[186] most notably his "Orochinagi",[187] whereas others preferred his kenpo moves over his original projectile style.[188][189] Critics also liked the rivalry between Kyo and Iori. The Daily Star noted that although Kyo and Iori begin as enemies, they become allies in later games, leading to their popularity.[190] On other hand, Kyo's and Iori's intial relationship as shown the visual novel The King of Fighters: Kyo was seen as meanspirited by HarcoreGaming as the latter stalked every one of former's allies which could ruin the player's improvements if Kyo fails to defeat Iori in the visual novel. Meanwhile, though Yuki and Shingo Yabuki accompany Kyo in his journey, the website writer lamented Yuki does not provide much content to the story despite being Kyo's girlfriend.[191] ItMedia noted that Kyo's original personality was change from rude too formal in the SNK AllStars even when addressing his teammate Goro Daimon whom he has been a close friend ever since the first game. This was further reflected in the gamers's point of view something which the website could be a poor translation from the original mobile game.[192]

There was commentary about Kyo's design with SNK artist Falcoon saying he believes Kyo appealed to gamers in the 1990s because of his appearance and fashion style.[193] The character is notorious for his cool personality and looks that helped to promote the otome game The King of Fighters For Girls according to Animeanime.[194] The book Gaming Cultures and Place in Asia-Pacific noting his popularity in Hong Kong from the mid 1990s onwards as his outfit resulted in several cosplayers. This was especially notable as the character outshined Street Fighter characters who are instead more popular in Western regions.[195] The next designs the character got were praised with RPGFan acclaming the The King of Fighters '99 one as the best from the year of its debut,[196] and his The King of Fighters 2003 outfit also receiving similar response.[197][198] On the other hand, Kyo received negative response for his The King of Fighters XIV design as if it was or not faithful to the original.[199][200] In response to the negative feedback, artist Hiroaki Hashimoto said that while Kyo's and Iori's original designs in the Orochi arc were so appealing, it was hard for SNK to keep coming up with quality with XIV.[201] As a result, his more nostalgic version in The King of Fighter XV was met with a better response from the media,[202]

Kyo also gained appeal thanks the Capcom vs. SNK series which helped to make a striking rivalry between him and Ryu from Street Fighter.[203][204] This led to his image being used for Capcom VS SNK 2 to a cross-platform in a Japanese printed ad for that alongside Ryu.[205] Anime News Network expressed disappointment that Kyo was not picked as a SNK representative character in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, as he had few guest appearances in comparison to Terry Bogard.[206] Dexerto wanted him Smash due to his gameplay being able to properly match other video game icons.[207] IGN enjoyed the character enough to want him playable in Namco's fighting game Tekken 8 based on fellow character Geese Howard's inclusion in the previous game Tekken 7.[208] Kyo's live action portrayal was the subject of negative focus due the incorrect heritage Sean Faris has.[209][210] On the other hand, his portrayal in The King of Fighters: Destiny received more favorable responses because the plot does not solely focus on his history, but also other characters from the games.[211]

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