Wikipedia:WikiProject Japan/Translation note

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Some suggested translations of Japanese terms are listed below for informational purposes, although translations should adhere to guidelines and policies, particularly the manual of style for Japan-related articles.

Japanese to English translations

(in Japanese alphabetical order, by subject)

明るく正しい選挙の推進 — akaruku tadashii senkyo no suishin; promotion of fair election
アクセス道路 — akusesu dōro; access road
圧力団体 — atsuryoku dantai; pressure group; special interest group
奄美群島振興開発事業 — amami guntō shinkō kaihatsu jigyō; Amami Islands Development Project
安全衛生管理者 — anzen eisei kanrisha; safety and sanitation manager
安全管理 — anzen kanri; safety control; safety management
安全地帯 — anzen chitai; safety zone; safety island; traffic island
安全厚生推進室 — anzen kōsei suishinshitsu; Safety and Health office
委員会制度 — iinkai seido; committee system
育児休業手当金 — ikuji kyūgyō teatekin; childcare non-work allowance
育児休業法 — ikuji kyūgyōhō; Law for the Right to Take Leave from Post for Infant Rearing
違憲立法審査権 — iken rippō shinsaken; judicial review of legislative constitutionality
幹事長 — kanjichō; secretary-general
国務大臣　 — kokumu daijin; the Ministers of State
参議院 — sangiin; House of Councillors
衆議院 — shugiin; House of Representatives of Japan
政調会長・政治調査会長（自民党） — seichō-kaichō / seijichō-sakaichō (jimintō); chairman of the Policy Research Council (LDP)
総裁（自民党） — sōsai (jimintō); (party) president (LDP)
総務会長（自民党） — sōmu-kaichō (jimintō) ; chairman of the general council (LDP)
代表（民主党） — daihyō (jimintō); (party) president (DP)
治安維持法　 — chian ijihō; Peace Preservation Law

Addresses & Administrative Divisions

字 — aza; section of a village or town
大字 — ōaza; large section of a village or town
区 — -ku; municipal ward, the 23 wards of Tokyo call themselves cities in English now.
郡 — -gun; district
県 — -ken; prefecture
号 — -gō; building number
市 — -shi; city
支庁 — shichō; subprefecture (used only in Hokkaidō)
丁目 — chōme; numbered city district
都 — -to; "metropolis", metropolitan prefecture (used only for Tokyo)
道 — -dō; "circuit", prefecture (used only for Hokkaidō)
番地 — banchi; numbered city block (sometimes abbreviated to 番 ban)
府 — -fu; urban prefecture (used only for Kyoto and Osaka)
町 — -machi/-chō; town; also a submunicipal division
村 — -mura/-son; village

Historical Events / Terms

大目付 — ōmetsuke; inspectors general
贈り名　 — okurina; posthumous name
華族 — kazoku; the nobility
勘定奉行 — kanjōbugyō; commissioners of finance
関東大震災 — kantō daishinsai; Great Kanto earthquake
国 — (no) kuni; province
石高 — kokudaka; Rice crop
鎖国政策 — sakokuseisaku; seclusion policy (isolation policy)
士農工商 — shinōkōshō; warriors/farmers/artisans/tradesmen
親藩 — shinpan; the Tokugawa family
政令 — seirei; order
関が原の戦い — Sekigahara no tatakai; the battle of Sekigahara
摂政 — sesshō; regency (摂政 Regent)
外様 — tozama; outside daimyo
幕藩体制 — bakuhan taisei; shogunate and domain system
人質 — hitojichi; hostage
藤原氏 — Fujiwara-uji; Fujiwara clan
譜代 — fudai; family's vassals
町奉行 — machibugyō; commissioners of major cities
満州事変 — Manshū jihen; Manchurian Incident
明治維新 — Meiji ishin; the Meiji Restoration
老中 — rōjū; senior councilors
若年寄 — wakadoshiyori; junior councilors

Business and Economics

青色申告 — aoiro shinkoku; blue tax return
青色事業専従者 — aoiro jigyō senjūsha; dependents of a taxpayer submitting a blue tax return
赤字原因 — akaji gen'in; cause of deficit
赤字鉄道路線 — akaji tetsudō rosen; deficit-ridden railway line
赤字国債 — akaji kokusai; a national deficit loan
赤字財政 — akaji zaisei; deficit finance
赤字団体 — akaji dantai; local governments with financial deficit
赤字公債 — akaji kōsai; deficit bond; deficit-covering national bond
赤字バス路線 — akaji basu rosen; deficit-ridden bus route
赤字予算 — akaji yosan; deficit budget
赤字路線 — akaji rosen; deficit-ridden transport line
圧縮記帳 — asshuku kichō; advanced depreciation
斡旋 — assen; conciliation; arbitration; negotiation
アンダーパー発行 andā pā hakkō — issue at under par value
八幡製鉄所 — Yawata seitetsusho/seitetsujo; Yawata Steel Works

Culture, the Arts, Religion

育英資金 — ikuei shikin; student awards; student grants; (scholarship: fellowship)
浮世絵 — ukiyoe; ukiyoe wood block printing
浄土宗 — jōdoshū; the Pure Land sect
俳句 — haiku; haiku
雛人形 — hina ningyō; hina dolls
文化勲章 — bunkakunshō; a Cultural Medal
読み書きそろばん — yomikakisoroban;the three R's

Miscellaneous

悪臭対策 — akushū taisaku; preventive measures against unpleasant odors

External links

http://tokyo.cool.ne.jp/mrphnx/index.html in Japanese